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Koine and Biblical and Medieval Greek • Re: The function of αὐτὸν in this sentence puzzles me.

Good question. You’ve nearly got it. αυτόν is not the object but the subject of γεννῆσαι. μετὰ τὸ γεννῆσαι αὐτὸν τὸν Σάλα is a prepositional phrase meaning “after he (αυτὸν) begot Sala.” τὸ is the neuter article, here accusative, governed by μετά “aft…

Koine and Biblical and Medieval Greek • Re: πρὸς φθόνον ἐπιποθεῖ τὸ πνεῦμα (James 4:5)

I take it that he’s deploring φθόνος among his addressees. This fits with his inveighing against their internal dissensions (4.1 πόθεν πόλεμοι και πόθεν μάχαι εν ὑμιν; etc., 2 ζηλοῦτε etc., cf. 3.14 ει δε ζῆλον …) and with the rest of the letter. ζῆ…